In analytical chemistry, what technique uses a solution to analyze another?

• A. Endpoint
• B. Titration
• C. Equivalence Point
• D. Buffer

Answer: (B)

Using a solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is titration. In this method, you add the titrant gradually to the analyte until the reaction is complete, which is indicated by an endpoint. The amount of titrant used, along with its known concentration and the reaction’s stoichiometry, lets you calculate the unknown concentration. The endpoint is a practical signal (like a color change) that the reaction has reached the intended extent, while the equivalence point is the theoretical moment when moles of titrant equal moles of analyte. A buffer, on the other hand, is a system that resists pH change and is not a technique for analyzing solution concentrations.