The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius is known as:

• A. Heat Transfer
• B. Heat Capacity
• C. Temperature
• D. Enthalpy

Answer: (B)

Heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius. It reflects how much heat you must add for a given temperature change and depends on both mass and material. The relationship is C = m c, where m is mass and c is the specific heat capacity (the energy required to raise 1 kg by 1°C). So the energy for a 1°C rise is Q = C × ΔT, and for a 1°C rise, Q = C.

For example, water has a high specific heat capacity (about 4184 J/kg°C), so a 1 kg block needs roughly 4184 J to increase its temperature by 1°C. This is different from heat (the energy transfer due to a temperature difference), temperature (a measure of thermal state), and enthalpy (the total heat content at constant pressure).